{"id":775,"date":"2024-03-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/genel\/hipervizor-nedir\/"},"modified":"2026-10-06T03:13:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T00:13:30","slug":"hipervizor-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/bilgi-islem\/hipervizor-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Hiperviz\u00f6r Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hiperviz\u00f6r, fiziksel kaynaklar\u0131n sanal makineler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma katman\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015flemci zaman\u0131, bellek e\u015flemesi, ayg\u0131t eri\u015fimi ve konuk sistemlerin birbirinden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 bu yap\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00f6netim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 hiperviz\u00f6rle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; ancak y\u00f6netim paneli ile sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma katman\u0131 ayn\u0131 bile\u015fen de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\"Ayr\u0131
Kaynak payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve konuk izolasyonu birlikte y\u00f6netilir.
G\u00f6rseli b\u00fcy\u00fct \u2192<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hiperviz\u00f6r hangi kaynaklar\u0131 y\u00f6netir?<\/h2>\n

Konuk i\u015fletim sistemi sanal i\u015flemci, bellek ve ayg\u0131tlarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Hiperviz\u00f6r ve ili\u015fkili bile\u015fenler bu istekleri fiziksel kaynaklara e\u015fler. Donan\u0131m sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma uzant\u0131lar\u0131 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te kullan\u0131labilir; desteklenen i\u015flemci, firmware ayar\u0131 ve s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler ger\u00e7ek platforma g\u00f6re do\u011frulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sanal a\u011f ve disk eri\u015fimi yaln\u0131z hiperviz\u00f6r kodundan olu\u015fmaz. Sanal switch, ayg\u0131t modeli, konuk s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri ve depolama altyap\u0131s\u0131 da davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 belirler. Sorun incelemesinde konuk i\u015fletim sistemindeki y\u00fcksek beklemeyi do\u011frudan fiziksel disk ar\u0131zas\u0131 veya CPU yetersizli\u011fi olarak yorumlamay\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Tip 1 ve Tip 2 s\u0131n\u0131flamas\u0131<\/h2>\n

Tip 1, hiperviz\u00f6r\u00fcn donan\u0131m \u00fczerinde temel sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma katman\u0131 oldu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131; Tip 2 ise bir ana i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan hosted yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 anlat\u0131r. ESXi ve Hyper-V genellikle Tip 1, VirtualBox ise hosted yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00f6rnekleri olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KVM, Linux \u00e7ekirde\u011finin sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yeteneklerini kullan\u0131r ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla QEMU gibi kullan\u0131c\u0131 alan\u0131 bile\u015fenleriyle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Linux y\u00f6netim ortam\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi tek ba\u015f\u0131na bu mimariyi basit\u00e7e Tip 2 yapmaz. Hyper-V\u2019de de y\u00f6netim i\u015fletim sistemi bir root partition i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; aray\u00fcz\u00fcn masa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnden hiperviz\u00f6r s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n

Performans\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn<\/h2>\n

Bir sanal makineye daha fazla vCPU atamak her durumda daha iyi sonu\u00e7 vermez. Ana makinenin y\u00fck\u00fc, i\u015flemci zamanlamas\u0131, NUMA yerle\u015fimi ve uygulaman\u0131n paralellik yetene\u011fi \u00f6nemlidir. Bellek bask\u0131s\u0131, swap, disk gecikmesi ve a\u011f kuyruklar\u0131 birlikte izlenmelidir.<\/p>\n

Overcommit baz\u0131 i\u015f y\u00fcklerinde kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir; b\u00fct\u00fcn konuklar\u0131n ayn\u0131 anda yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 halinde hizmet kalitesini etkileyebilir. Kapasite karar\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131z toplam atanm\u0131\u015f RAM veya ortalama CPU grafi\u011fiyle vermeyin. Yo\u011fun d\u00f6nemleri ve ar\u0131za sonras\u0131 kalan kaynaklarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 da hesaplay\u0131n.<\/p>\n

\u0130zolasyon g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr fakat mutlak de\u011fildir<\/h2>\n

Konuklar\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir katman\u0131d\u0131r. Yine de hiperviz\u00f6r, ayg\u0131t s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri ve y\u00f6netim aray\u00fczleri g\u00fcncel tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00f6netici hesab\u0131n\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesi birden fazla konu\u011fu etkileyebilir. En az yetki, ayr\u0131 y\u00f6netim a\u011f\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama ve denetlenebilir de\u011fi\u015fiklik s\u00fcre\u00e7leri gerekir.<\/p>\n

Payla\u015f\u0131lan klas\u00f6r, pano, ayg\u0131t passthrough veya d\u0131\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131lan y\u00f6netim portu gibi kolayl\u0131klar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 inceleyin. Bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi a\u00e7madan \u00f6nce hangi veri ve eri\u015fim yolunu geni\u015fletti\u011fini belirleyin. Snapshot ve yedeklerin eri\u015fim haklar\u0131 da konuk verisi kadar \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Se\u00e7im i\u00e7in bir kontrol listesi<\/h2>\n