{"id":892,"date":"2024-03-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-01T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/?p=892"},"modified":"2026-10-06T03:13:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T00:13:30","slug":"iot-nesnelerin-interneti-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/buluta-genel-bakis\/iot-nesnelerin-interneti-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"IoT (Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti) Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fc-resource-revision\" data-fc-editorial=\"20261006\">\n<p class=\"fc-article-summary\">Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti (IoT), fiziksel cihazlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm veya kontrol verisini a\u011f \u00fczerinden uygulamalara aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemleri ifade eder. Sens\u00f6r tek ba\u015f\u0131na b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fildir: cihaz kimli\u011fi, ba\u011flant\u0131, veri i\u015fleme, y\u00f6netim ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc birlikte tasarlan\u0131r. Bulut bu sistemlerde veri toplama ve uygulama \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma katman\u0131 olabilir; b\u00fct\u00fcn kararlar\u0131n mutlaka bulutta verilmesi gerekmez.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"fc-editorial-figure\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/community\/assets\/resource-renewal-20261006\/iot-data-path-tr.svg\" width=\"960\" height=\"440\"  decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cihaz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm \u00fcretir; gerekti\u011finde a\u011f ge\u00e7idi veriyi toplar; ileti katman\u0131 uygulamaya aktar\u0131r. Kimlik do\u011frulama ve kesinti y\u00f6netimi her ba\u011flant\u0131da de\u011ferlendirilir.\"><figcaption>A\u011f ge\u00e7idi her mimaride zorunlu de\u011fildir; cihaz do\u011frudan uygun servise de ba\u011flanabilir.<br \/><a class=\"fc-diagram-open\" href=\"\/community\/assets\/resource-renewal-20261006\/iot-data-path-tr.svg\">G\u00f6rseli b\u00fcy\u00fct \u2192<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Temel bile\u015fenler hangi i\u015fi yapar?<\/h2>\n<p>Sens\u00f6r s\u0131cakl\u0131k, titre\u015fim veya konum gibi bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7er. Akt\u00fcat\u00f6r fiziksel bir i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Cihaz yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 bu par\u00e7alar\u0131 y\u00f6netir; a\u011f ge\u00e7idi ise gerekti\u011finde yerel protokol\u00fc di\u011fer a\u011flarla bulu\u015fturur. Uygulama veriyi saklar, de\u011ferlendirir ve yetkili kullan\u0131c\u0131ya sunar.<\/p>\n<p>Bir depo s\u0131cakl\u0131k takibinde ama\u00e7 yaln\u0131z grafik \u00e7izmek de\u011fildir. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm birimi, kabul edilen aral\u0131k, cihaz\u0131n en son ne zaman haber verdi\u011fi ve alarm\u0131n kime ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm gelmedi\u011finde normal s\u0131cakl\u0131k varm\u0131\u015f gibi davranmak do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<h2>Ba\u011flant\u0131 ve ileti protokol\u00fcn\u00fc ihtiyaca g\u00f6re se\u00e7in<\/h2>\n<p>Wi-Fi, h\u00fccresel ba\u011flant\u0131 veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketimli a\u011flar kapsama, enerji ve veri hacmi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Yerel cihaz protokol\u00fcyle buluta veri g\u00f6nderilen protokol ayn\u0131 olmayabilir. Ba\u011flant\u0131 se\u00e7iminde saha ko\u015fullar\u0131, bak\u0131m eri\u015fimi ve pil \u00f6mr\u00fc beklentisini birlikte de\u011ferlendirin.<\/p>\n<p>MQTT gibi yay\u0131nla\/abone ol protokolleri cihazlarla uygulama aras\u0131ndaki iletiyi d\u00fczenleyebilir. MQTT kullan\u0131m\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u015fifreleme, yetkilendirme veya uygulama d\u00fczeyinde tam bir kez i\u015flemeyi garanti etmez. TLS, istemci kimli\u011fi ve konu bazl\u0131 izinler ayr\u0131ca yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130nternet kesildi\u011finde ne olur?<\/h2>\n<p>Hangi i\u015flevlerin yerelde devam edece\u011fini belirleyin. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmler s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir tamponda tutulabilir; tampon doldu\u011funda veya cihaz yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne olaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u011flant\u0131 geri geldi\u011finde g\u00f6nderilen ge\u00e7mi\u015f veriyi yeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>Zaman damgas\u0131, cihaz kimli\u011fi ve ileti kimli\u011fi tekrarlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Sunucunun ayn\u0131 olay\u0131 iki kez almas\u0131 ayn\u0131 fiziksel i\u015flemi iki kez ba\u015flatmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Kontrol komutlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlilik s\u00fcresi ve cihazdan al\u0131nan uygulama sonucu ayr\u0131ca de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Cihaz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc boyunca s\u00fcrer<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Her cihaz\u0131n ay\u0131rt edilebilir kimli\u011fini ve yetkisini kaydedin; ortak varsay\u0131lan parolalar kullanmay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Desteklenen yaz\u0131l\u0131m g\u00fcncelleme y\u00f6ntemini, do\u011frulama mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 ve destek s\u00fcresini inceleyin.<\/li>\n<li>Kaybolan veya devreden \u00e7\u0131kan cihaz\u0131n eri\u015fimini iptal edebilin.<\/li>\n<li>Gerekmeyen aray\u00fcz ve servisleri kapat\u0131n; y\u00f6netim eri\u015fimini s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Cihaz\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik durumunu ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 izleyin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NISTIR 8259A, cihaz kimli\u011fi, yap\u0131land\u0131rma, veri koruma, aray\u00fcz eri\u015fimi, yaz\u0131l\u0131m g\u00fcncelleme ve g\u00fcvenlik durumunu fark etme gibi yetenekleri de\u011ferlendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u00dcr\u00fcne uygun kontrol seti kullan\u0131m ba\u011flam\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenir.<\/p>\n<h2>Bulut altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 veri y\u00fck\u00fcne g\u00f6re planlay\u0131n<\/h2>\n<p>Cihaz say\u0131s\u0131yla birlikte ileti s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, mesaj boyutu, saklama s\u00fcresi ve ayn\u0131 anda yeniden ba\u011flanma davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hesaplay\u0131n. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kesintisinden sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn cihazlar\u0131n e\u015fzamanl\u0131 g\u00f6nderimi ani y\u00fck olu\u015fturabilir. Kuyruk, tekrar deneme ve h\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 buna g\u00f6re tasarlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>FibaCloud \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak uygulaman\u0131z i\u00e7in i\u015flem, bellek, depolama ve a\u011f gereksinimlerini ayr\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Cihaz y\u00f6netimi veya MQTT hizmetinin se\u00e7ti\u011finiz pakete haz\u0131r olarak dahil oldu\u011funu varsaymay\u0131n; uygulama bile\u015fenleri ve i\u015fletim sorumlulu\u011funu netle\u015ftirin.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u0131k sorulan sorular<\/h2>\n<dl>\n<dt><strong>Her IoT cihaz\u0131 do\u011frudan internete ba\u011flanmal\u0131 m\u0131?<\/strong><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Baz\u0131 cihazlar yerel a\u011f ge\u00e7idi \u00fczerinden haberle\u015fir veya belirli i\u015flevlerini \u00e7evrimd\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Tasar\u0131m kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<dt><strong>MQTT kullanmak veriyi otomatik g\u00fcvenli hale getirir mi?<\/strong><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131ma g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, cihaz kimli\u011fi, konu izinleri ve sunucu yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 ayr\u0131ca ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<h2>Sonraki ad\u0131m<\/h2>\n<p>Toplanan verinin i\u015flenmesini <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/bilgi-islem\/bulut-tabanli-buyuk-veri-analitigi-fibacloud-ile-verilerinizden-maksimum-deger-elde-edin\/\">b\u00fcy\u00fck veri analiti\u011fi<\/a> ve koruma plan\u0131n\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/guvenlik\/bulut-bilisim-ile-veri-guvenligini-saglamanin-5-kanitlanmis-yolu\/\">veri g\u00fcvenli\u011fi kontrolleri<\/a> ile detayland\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h2>Kaynaklar<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nvlpubs.nist.gov\/nistpubs\/ir\/2026\/NIST.IR.8259r1.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NIST IR 8259 Rev. 1 \u2014 IoT \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00fcreticileri i\u00e7in siber g\u00fcvenlik (2026)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nvlpubs.nist.gov\/nistpubs\/ir\/2020\/NIST.IR.8259A.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NIST IR 8259A \u2014 IoT cihaz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi temel yetenekleri (2020)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.oasis-open.org\/mqtt\/mqtt\/v5.0\/os\/mqtt-v5.0-os.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MQTT Version 5.0 | OASIS Standard<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti (IoT), fiziksel cihazlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm veya kontrol verisini a\u011f \u00fczerinden uygulamalara aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemleri ifade eder. Sens\u00f6r tek ba\u015f\u0131na b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fildir: cihaz kimli\u011fi, ba\u011flant\u0131, veri i\u015fleme, y\u00f6netim ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc birlikte tasarlan\u0131r. Bulut bu sistemlerde veri toplama ve uygulama \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma katman\u0131 olabilir; b\u00fct\u00fcn kararlar\u0131n mutlaka bulutta verilmesi gerekmez. A\u011f ge\u00e7idi her mimaride zorunlu de\u011fildir; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,1,56],"tags":[74,78,148,149],"class_list":["post-892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-buluta-genel-bakis","category-genel","category-kultur","tag-bulut-bilisim","tag-bulut-bilisim-servisleri","tag-iot","tag-nesnelerin-interneti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=892"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":894,"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892\/revisions\/894"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fibacloud.com\/tr\/kaynaklar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}